Discover Python API functions on RNA types (Context.copy, etc.)

Pick up Python functions defined on RNA classes that have RST docstrings
(:rtype: or :type:), indicating they are public API methods rather than
operator/panel implementation details.

Also add Iterable and mathutils imports to bpy.types stub generator
for functions that reference these types in their annotations.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

generate_stubs.py

@@ -98,73 +98,87 @@ def collect_all_type_strings(module_data: ModuleData) -> list[str]:
     return all_types
 
 
-def collect_imports(module_data: ModuleData) -> set[str]:
+_TOKEN_IMPORTS: tuple[tuple[str, str], ...] = (
-    """Collect all import statements needed for the stub file."""
+    ("Sequence", "from collections.abc import Sequence"),
+    ("Iterable", "from collections.abc import Iterable"),
+    ("Callable", "from collections.abc import Callable"),
+    ("Iterator", "from collections.abc import Iterator"),
+    ("Literal", "from typing import Literal"),
+    ("Any", "from typing import Any"),
+    ("Generator", "from collections.abc import Generator"),
+    ("Mapping", "from collections.abc import Mapping"),
+    ("Collection", "from collections.abc import Collection"),
+    ("TypeAlias", "from typing import TypeAlias"),
+    ("Generic", "from typing import Generic, TypeVar"),
+)
+
+_KNOWN_TYPED_MODULES: tuple[str, ...] = (
+    "bpy.types",
+    "bpy.props",
+    "bpy.app",
+    "mathutils",
+    "gpu.types",
+    "imbuf.types",
+    "idprop.types",
+    "freestyle.types",
+    "bmesh.types",
+    "bmesh",
+)
+
+_SPECIAL_IMPORT_MARKERS: tuple[tuple[str, str], ...] = (
+    ("datetime", "import datetime"),
+    ("types.ModuleType", "import types"),
+    ("collections.OrderedDict", "import collections"),
+    ("collections.abc.", "import collections.abc"),
+)
+
+
+def _has_token(joined_types: str, token: str) -> bool:
+    """Return whether a type token appears as a standalone identifier."""
+    return bool(re.search(rf"\b{token}\b", joined_types))
+
+
+def _collect_token_imports(joined_types: str) -> set[str]:
+    """Collect import lines triggered by standalone type tokens."""
     imports: set[str] = set()
-    all_types = collect_all_type_strings(module_data)
+    for token, import_line in _TOKEN_IMPORTS:
-    joined = " ".join(all_types)
+        if _has_token(joined_types, token):
-
+            imports.add(import_line)
-    def _has_type(name: str) -> bool:
+    if "Self" in joined_types:
-        return bool(re.search(rf"\b{name}\b", joined))
-
-    if _has_type("Sequence"):
-        imports.add("from collections.abc import Sequence")
-    if _has_type("Iterable"):
-        imports.add("from collections.abc import Iterable")
-    if _has_type("Callable"):
-        imports.add("from collections.abc import Callable")
-    if _has_type("Iterator"):
-        imports.add("from collections.abc import Iterator")
-    if _has_type("Literal"):
-        imports.add("from typing import Literal")
-    if _has_type("Any"):
-        imports.add("from typing import Any")
-    if _has_type("Generator"):
-        imports.add("from collections.abc import Generator")
-    if _has_type("Mapping"):
-        imports.add("from collections.abc import Mapping")
-    if _has_type("Collection"):
-        imports.add("from collections.abc import Collection")
-    if "Self" in joined:
         imports.add("from typing import Self")
-    if _has_type("TypeAlias"):
+    return imports
-        imports.add("from typing import TypeAlias")
-    if _has_type("Generic"):
-        imports.add("from typing import Generic, TypeVar")
 
-    # Detect module-qualified references (e.g. bpy.types.Object, mathutils.Vector)
+
-    # Detect qualified module references
+def _collect_module_reference_imports(joined_types: str) -> set[str]:
-    known_modules = [
+    """Collect import lines required by module-qualified type references."""
-        "bpy.types",
+    imports: set[str] = set()
-        "bpy.props",
+    for marker, import_line in _SPECIAL_IMPORT_MARKERS:
-        "bpy.app",
+        if marker in joined_types:
-        "mathutils",
+            imports.add(import_line)
-        "gpu.types",
+    for mod in _KNOWN_TYPED_MODULES:
-        "imbuf.types",
+        if mod + "." in joined_types or re.search(
-        "idprop.types",
+            rf"\b{re.escape(mod)}\b", joined_types
-        "freestyle.types",
+        ):
-        "bmesh.types",
-        "bmesh",
-    ]
-    if "datetime" in joined:
-        imports.add("import datetime")
-    if "types.ModuleType" in joined:
-        imports.add("import types")
-    if "collections.OrderedDict" in joined:
-        imports.add("import collections")
-    if "collections.abc." in joined:
-        imports.add("import collections.abc")
-    for mod in known_modules:
-        if mod + "." in joined or re.search(rf"\b{re.escape(mod)}\b", joined):
             imports.add(f"import {mod}")
+    return imports
 
-    # fixup_shadowed_builtins will add builtins.X references for structs
+
-    # with property names that shadow builtins — need the import
+def _requires_builtins_import(module_data: ModuleData) -> bool:
+    """Return whether builtins import is needed for builtin-name shadowing."""
     for struct in module_data.get("structs", []):
         prop_names = {p["name"] for p in struct["properties"]}
         if prop_names & BUILTIN_NAMES:
-            imports.add("import builtins")
+            return True
-            break
+    return False
+
+
+def collect_imports(module_data: ModuleData) -> set[str]:
+    """Collect all import statements needed for the stub file."""
+    all_types = collect_all_type_strings(module_data)
+    joined = " ".join(all_types)
+    imports = _collect_token_imports(joined) | _collect_module_reference_imports(joined)
+    if _requires_builtins_import(module_data):
+        imports.add("import builtins")
 
     return imports
 
@@ -216,9 +230,16 @@ def format_docstring(doc: str, indent: str = "    ") -> str:
     return result
 
 
-def generate_function_stub(func: FunctionData) -> str:
+def _build_signature_params(
-    """Generate a stub for a single function."""
+    params: list[ParamData],
-    # Build parameter list, separating by kind and default presence
+    leading_params: list[str] | None = None,
+    skip_names: set[str] | None = None,
+) -> str:
+    """Build a function signature parameter list string from ParamData entries."""
+    filtered_params = [
+        param for param in params if param["name"] not in (skip_names or set())
+    ]
+
     positional_only_no_default: list[str] = []
     positional_only_with_default: list[str] = []
     positional_no_default: list[str] = []
@@ -226,7 +247,7 @@ def generate_function_stub(func: FunctionData) -> str:
     keyword_params: list[str] = []
     has_positional_only = False
 
-    for param in func["params"]:
+    for param in filtered_params:
         formatted = format_param(param, force_type=True)
         kind = param.get("kind", "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD")
         if kind == "POSITIONAL_ONLY":
@@ -248,7 +269,7 @@ def generate_function_stub(func: FunctionData) -> str:
         else:
             positional_no_default.append(formatted)
 
-    all_params: list[str] = []
+    all_params: list[str] = list(leading_params or [])
     if has_positional_only and not (
         positional_only_with_default and positional_no_default
     ):
@@ -260,21 +281,30 @@ def generate_function_stub(func: FunctionData) -> str:
         # Merge positional-only into regular params when / would be invalid
         positional_no_default = positional_only_no_default + positional_no_default
         positional_with_default = positional_only_with_default + positional_with_default
+
     # Non-default positional params must come before default ones
     all_params.extend(positional_no_default)
     all_params.extend(positional_with_default)
+
     if keyword_params:
         # Insert * separator if there are keyword-only args and no VAR_POSITIONAL.
         # Don't insert * if the only keyword params are **kwargs (already captures all).
         has_var_positional = any(
-            p.get("kind") == "VAR_POSITIONAL" for p in func["params"]
+            p.get("kind") == "VAR_POSITIONAL" for p in filtered_params
+        )
+        has_named_keyword = any(
+            p.get("kind") == "KEYWORD_ONLY" for p in filtered_params
         )
-        has_named_keyword = any(p.get("kind") == "KEYWORD_ONLY" for p in func["params"])
         if not has_var_positional and has_named_keyword:
             all_params.append("*")
         all_params.extend(keyword_params)
 
-    params_str = ", ".join(all_params)
+    return ", ".join(all_params)
+
+
+def generate_function_stub(func: FunctionData) -> str:
+    """Generate a stub for a single function."""
+    params_str = _build_signature_params(func["params"])
 
     # Return type
     ret = f" -> {func['return_type']}" if func["return_type"] else " -> None"
@@ -303,63 +333,9 @@ def generate_method_stub(
     """Generate a stub for a method inside a class."""
     is_cls = func.get("is_classmethod", False)
     first_param = "cls" if is_cls else "self"
-
+    params_str = _build_signature_params(
-    # Categorize params by kind, keeping positional ordering correct
+        func["params"], leading_params=[first_param], skip_names={"cls", "self"}
-    positional_only_no_default: list[str] = []
+    )
-    positional_only_with_default: list[str] = []
-    positional_no_default: list[str] = []
-    positional_with_default: list[str] = []
-    keyword_params: list[str] = []
-    has_positional_only = False
-
-    for param in func["params"]:
-        if param["name"] in ("cls", "self"):
-            continue
-        formatted = format_param(param, force_type=True)
-        kind = param.get("kind", "POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD")
-        if kind == "POSITIONAL_ONLY":
-            has_positional_only = True
-            if param["default"] is not None:
-                positional_only_with_default.append(formatted)
-            else:
-                positional_only_no_default.append(formatted)
-        elif kind == "KEYWORD_ONLY":
-            keyword_params.append(formatted)
-        elif kind == "VAR_POSITIONAL":
-            type_ann = f": {param['type']}" if param["type"] else ": object"
-            positional_no_default.append(f"*{param['name']}{type_ann}")
-        elif kind == "VAR_KEYWORD":
-            type_ann = f": {param['type']}" if param["type"] else ": object"
-            keyword_params.append(f"**{param['name']}{type_ann}")
-        elif param["default"] is not None:
-            positional_with_default.append(formatted)
-        else:
-            positional_no_default.append(formatted)
-
-    all_params: list[str] = [first_param]
-    if has_positional_only and not (
-        positional_only_with_default and positional_no_default
-    ):
-        # Only emit / when it won't cause "non-default follows default" errors
-        all_params.extend(positional_only_no_default)
-        all_params.extend(positional_only_with_default)
-        all_params.append("/")
-    else:
-        # Merge positional-only into regular params when / would be invalid
-        positional_no_default = positional_only_no_default + positional_no_default
-        positional_with_default = positional_only_with_default + positional_with_default
-    all_params.extend(positional_no_default)
-    all_params.extend(positional_with_default)
-    if keyword_params:
-        has_var_positional = any(
-            p.get("kind") == "VAR_POSITIONAL" for p in func["params"]
-        )
-        has_named_keyword = any(p.get("kind") == "KEYWORD_ONLY" for p in func["params"])
-        if not has_var_positional and has_named_keyword:
-            all_params.append("*")
-        all_params.extend(keyword_params)
-
-    params_str = ", ".join(all_params)
     ret = f" -> {func['return_type']}" if func["return_type"] else " -> None"
     decorators = ""
     if is_override:
@@ -583,6 +559,8 @@ def generate_types_stub(
         abc_imports.append("Callable")
     if "MutableSequence[" in all_type_strs:
         abc_imports.append("MutableSequence")
+    if re.search(r"(?<!\.)\bIterable\[", all_type_strs):
+        abc_imports.append("Iterable")
     # Don't import Sequence directly — bpy.types.Sequence (video sequencer strip)
     # shadows it. Always use collections.abc.Sequence via the qualified import.
 
@@ -602,6 +580,8 @@ def generate_types_stub(
         imports.append("import collections")
         imports.append("import collections.abc")
         imports.append("from collections.abc import Sequence as _Sequence")
+    if "mathutils." in all_type_strs:
+        imports.append("import mathutils")
 
     parts: list[str] = []
     if doc:
@@ -697,6 +677,105 @@ def strip_self_module_prefix(
     return content
 
 
+def _apply_generic_bases(module_data: ModuleData) -> None:
+    """Add Generic[_T] bases when classes are used as parameterized generics."""
+    all_types = collect_all_type_strings(module_data)
+    joined_types = " ".join(all_types)
+    struct_names = {s["name"] for s in module_data.get("structs", [])}
+    for struct in module_data.get("structs", []):
+        name = struct["name"]
+        if name in struct_names and re.search(rf"\b{re.escape(name)}\[", joined_types):
+            base = struct.get("base") or ""
+            if "Generic[" not in base:
+                struct["base"] = f"{base}, Generic[_T]" if base else "Generic[_T]"
+
+
+def _prepare_module_imports(
+    module_data: ModuleData,
+    module_name: str,
+    submodule_names: list[str],
+) -> tuple[set[str], set[str], set[str]]:
+    """Collect, filter, and classify imports for a generated module stub."""
+    imports = collect_imports(module_data)
+    for sub in submodule_names:
+        imports.add(f"from . import {sub} as {sub}")
+    imports = {i for i in imports if i != f"import {module_name}"}
+
+    class_names = {s["name"] for s in module_data.get("structs", [])}
+    clashing_imports: set[str] = set()
+    for imp in imports:
+        for name in class_names:
+            if f"import {name}" in imp:
+                clashing_imports.add(imp)
+
+    return imports - clashing_imports, clashing_imports, class_names
+
+
+def _append_module_members(
+    parts: list[str],
+    module_data: ModuleData,
+    submodule_names: list[str],
+) -> None:
+    """Append variables, functions, and classes to a module stub body."""
+    sub_names = set(submodule_names)
+
+    if module_data["variables"]:
+        parts.append("")
+        for var in module_data["variables"]:
+            if var["name"] not in sub_names:
+                parts.append(generate_variable_stub(var))
+
+    for func in module_data["functions"]:
+        parts.append("")
+        parts.append(generate_function_stub(func))
+
+    for struct in module_data.get("structs", []):
+        parts.append("")
+        parts.append(generate_struct_stub(struct))
+
+
+def _qualify_shadowed_builtin_annotations(
+    result: str,
+    module_data: ModuleData,
+) -> str:
+    """Qualify builtin type names when module-level variables shadow them."""
+    builtins_used_as_types = {"object", "type", "int", "str", "float", "bool", "set"}
+    var_names = {v["name"] for v in module_data.get("variables", [])}
+    shadowed = var_names & builtins_used_as_types
+    if shadowed:
+        for name in shadowed:
+            result = re.sub(
+                rf"(?<=: ){name}\b",
+                f"builtins.{name}",
+                result,
+            )
+        if "import builtins" not in result:
+            result = "import builtins\n" + result
+    return result
+
+
+def _qualify_clashing_type_names(
+    result: str,
+    clashing_imports: set[str],
+    class_names: set[str],
+) -> str:
+    """Qualify type references when imported names clash with local class names."""
+    for clash in clashing_imports:
+        match = re.search(r"from ([\w.]+) import (\w+)", clash)
+        if match:
+            full_module = match.group(1)
+            name = match.group(2)
+            if name in class_names:
+                result = re.sub(
+                    rf"(?<!\w){name}\[",
+                    f"{full_module}.{name}[",
+                    result,
+                )
+                if f"import {full_module}" not in result:
+                    result = f"import {full_module}\n" + result
+    return result
+
+
 def generate_module_stub(
     module_data: ModuleData,
     python_version: str = "3.11",
@@ -711,41 +790,17 @@ def generate_module_stub(
             module_data["structs"], python_version, module_data["doc"]
         )
 
-    # Detect classes used as generics (e.g. BMElemSeq[BMVert]) and add
+    # Detect classes used as generics and add Generic[_T] base when needed.
-    # Generic[_T] as base if they don't already have one.
+    _apply_generic_bases(module_data)
-    # Must happen before collect_imports so Generic/TypeVar get imported.
-    all_types = collect_all_type_strings(module_data)
-    joined_types = " ".join(all_types)
-    struct_names = {s["name"] for s in module_data.get("structs", [])}
-    for struct in module_data.get("structs", []):
-        name = struct["name"]
-        if name in struct_names and re.search(rf"\b{re.escape(name)}\[", joined_types):
-            base = struct.get("base") or ""
-            if "Generic[" not in base:
-                struct["base"] = f"{base}, Generic[_T]" if base else "Generic[_T]"
 
     parts: list[str] = []
 
-    # Module docstring
     if module_data["doc"]:
         parts.append(f'"""{module_data["doc"]}"""\n')
 
-    # Imports
+    imports, clashing_imports, class_names = _prepare_module_imports(
-    imports = collect_imports(module_data)
+        module_data, module_name, submodule_names or []
-    # Re-export submodules so type checkers can resolve e.g. bpy.utils.
+    )
-    # Use "X as X" pattern to mark as intentional re-export in stubs.
-    for sub in submodule_names or []:
-        imports.add(f"from . import {sub} as {sub}")
-    # Remove exact self-imports (but keep submodule imports like bmesh.types for bmesh)
-    imports = {i for i in imports if i != f"import {module_name}"}
-    # Remove imports that clash with class names in this module
-    class_names = {s["name"] for s in module_data.get("structs", [])}
-    clashing_imports: set[str] = set()
-    for i in imports:
-        for name in class_names:
-            if f"import {name}" in i:
-                clashing_imports.add(i)
-    imports -= clashing_imports
     if imports:
         parts.append("")
         for imp in sorted(imports):
@@ -759,57 +814,12 @@ def generate_module_stub(
         parts.append('_T = TypeVar("_T")')
         parts.append("")
 
-    # Variables (skip those that clash with submodule re-exports)
+    _append_module_members(parts, module_data, submodule_names or [])
-    sub_names = set(submodule_names or [])
-    if module_data["variables"]:
-        parts.append("")
-        for var in module_data["variables"]:
-            if var["name"] not in sub_names:
-                parts.append(generate_variable_stub(var))
-
-    # Functions
-    for func in module_data["functions"]:
-        parts.append("")
-        parts.append(generate_function_stub(func))
-
-    # Classes
-    for struct in module_data.get("structs", []):
-        parts.append("")
-        parts.append(generate_struct_stub(struct))
 
     result = "\n".join(parts)
-    class_names = {s["name"] for s in module_data.get("structs", [])}
     result = strip_self_module_prefix(result, module_name, class_names)
-
+    result = _qualify_shadowed_builtin_annotations(result, module_data)
-    # If any variable/class name shadows a Python builtin used as a type
+    result = _qualify_clashing_type_names(result, clashing_imports, class_names)
-    # annotation (e.g. bpy.ops has a variable named "object"), qualify it.
-    _BUILTINS_USED_AS_TYPES = {"object", "type", "int", "str", "float", "bool", "set"}
-    var_names = {v["name"] for v in module_data.get("variables", [])}
-    shadowed = var_names & _BUILTINS_USED_AS_TYPES
-    if shadowed:
-        for name in shadowed:
-            result = re.sub(
-                rf"(?<=: ){name}\b",
-                f"builtins.{name}",
-                result,
-            )
-        if "import builtins" not in result:
-            result = "import builtins\n" + result
-
-    # Qualify type names that clash with class names in the same module
-    for clash in clashing_imports:
-        match = re.search(r"from ([\w.]+) import (\w+)", clash)
-        if match:
-            full_module = match.group(1)
-            name = match.group(2)
-            if name in class_names:
-                result = re.sub(
-                    rf"(?<!\w){name}\[",
-                    f"{full_module}.{name}[",
-                    result,
-                )
-                if f"import {full_module}" not in result:
-                    result = f"import {full_module}\n" + result
 
     return prune_unused_imports(result)